Since the solar wind is a weakly collision or almost collisionless plasma, the electron velocity distributions typically deviate from the local thermodynamic equilibrium, exhibiting electron temperature anisotropy. This anisotropy can be attributed to the Chew–Goldberg–Low mechanism in the expansion of the solar wind (Chew et al. 1956).
PDF plots of persistence intervals in length scale for oblique firehose (green) and mirror-mode (magenta) instabilities in the solar wind. Panels (a) and (b) show the length scale in proton gyroradii (Δ ρ). Panels …
The above results are drawn exclusively from measurements at distances greater than 0.3 AU. It is valuable to include near-Sun observations to comprehensively and thoroughly investigate how the temperature components and adiabatic invariants varying with distances from the Sun, and to study the impact of anisotropy-drive instabilities in the solar wind at …
Solar wind proton and alpha spectra from the Faraday Cup portion of the SWE experiment on the Wind spacecraft have been analyzed to determine the temperature anisotropy of …
5.3. The incompressible energy cascade rate To compute the right-hand side of Eqs. (), (), and (), we constructed temporal correlation functions of the different turbulent fields at different time lags τ in the interval [1,3600] s, which covers the MHD inertial range (Hadid et al. 2017) at heliocentric distances between ∼0.2 and ∼0.8 au.
The field-aligned anisotropy of the solar wind turbulence, which is quantified by the ratio of the parallel to the perpendicular correlation (and Taylor) length scales, is determined by simultaneous two-point correlation measurements during the time period 2001–2017. ... The top panel of Figure 2 shows the distribution of the correlation ...
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The panels from top show Alfvén Mach number M A = V R /V A where V A is the Alfvén speed (see text), radial component of solar wind proton velocity V R, electron number density N e, radial component and magnitude of magnetic field B, and heliocentric
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The field-aligned anisotropy of the solar wind turbulence, which is quantified by the ratio of the parallel to the perpendicular correlation (and Taylor) length scales, is determined by simultaneous two-point correlation measurements during the time period 2001–2017.
ptimization of solar panel tilt angles using isotropic and anisotropic models at sun-belt… 1 3 Page 3 of 11 38where n is the year''s day. This empirical formula is only a good approach because February attracts 29 days every 4 years, 365.25 days. In addition, the
The solar wind is a continuous stream of plasma from the Sun which exhibits significant measurable variability in its characteristic properties on a range of spatial and temporal scales (for recent reviews, see Matteini et al. 2012; Bruno & Carbone 2013; Chen 2016, and Verscharen et al. 2019).The fundamental processes that heat and …
Estimating the temperature of solar wind particles and their anisotropies is particularly important for understanding the origin of their deviations from thermal equilibrium and the effects this has. In the absence of energetic events, the velocity distribution of electrons reveals a dual structure with a thermal (Maxwellian) core and a suprathermal (kappa) …
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Photovoltaic (PV) systems are one of the most important renewable energy sources worldwide. Learning the basics of solar panel wiring is one of the most important tools in your repertoire of skills for safety and practical reasons, after all, residential PV installations feature voltages of up to 600V.
We utilize the data from the Parker Solar Probe mission at its first perihelion to investigate the three-dimensional (3D) anisotropies and scalings of solar wind turbulence for the total, perpendicular, and parallel magnetic-field fluctuations at kinetic scales in the inner heliosphere.
The polymer solar cells that contained aligned P3HT:PCBM photoactive films exhibited a greater degree of anisotropy of the photovoltaic effects under polarized illumination along the two principal axes. These findings form a promising foundation for new types of polarization-dependent opto-electrical applications.
Estimating the anisotropy of the electron temperature in the solar wind is particularly important for understanding the mechanisms responsible for these deviations from …
Solar cell (solar panel) birefringence is caused by stress in the silicon manufacturing process. This stress has been linked to lowered lifetimes in photovoltaic applications 1 and low manufacturing yields. Hinds Instruments Exicor ® NIR is capable of plotting these stresses in two dimensions in silicon wafers.. Left: Residual birefringence map of sample …
This sense of anisotropy is well-supported by multi-spacecraft measurements of turbulence near the ion kinetic scales in the solar wind. 74–76 Modern scaling theories of Alfvénic turbulence suggest that a critical balance between linear and nonlinear timescales leads to turbulent fluctuations that obey a scale-dependent …
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In the anisotropy panel, the black dots and red bars represent the result of ADIM applied to the hybrid observation, the black circles represent the well-known …
Using high-resolution data from Solar Orbiter, we investigate the plasma conditions necessary for the proton temperature-anisotropy-driven mirror-mode and oblique firehose instabilities to occur in the solar wind.
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Request PDF | Optimization of solar panel tilt angles using isotropic and anisotropic models at sun‑belt boundary regions | It is crucial to make the most efcacious usage of solar radiation, one ...
We analyze the temporal variation of the solar diurnal anisotropy of the multi-TeV cosmic-ray intensity observed with the Tibet air shower array from 2000 to 2009, covering the maximum and minimum ...
The strength and spectral anisotropy of the fluctuations in the solar wind have long been important research topics because they are related to the nonlinear dynamics of MHD turbulence (see, e.g., the reviews by Tu & Marsch 1995; Schekochihin et al. 2009; Howes 2015).Horbury et al. first computed the power spectral exponents at fixed …
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