The reported numbers of scrap-lead acid battery annually in China are more than 2.6 million tons []. Typically, the lead acid battery comprises 30–40% lead paste, 24–30% grid, 22–30% plastic shell and 11–30% H 2 SO 4 electrolyte.
Tin-containing slag from pyrometallurgical recovery process of spent lead-acid battery is a valuable secondary Sn resource. However, the low content of Sn (~4 wt%) in this slag ...
In this paper, a low-temperature (~500 C) chlorinating process with NH 4 Cl as the chlorinating reagent is proposed for efficient tin recovery from low-grade tin …
Lead-acid batteries (LABs) have high service safety, favorable and stable electrochemical properties and low production costs. ... Recycling of spent lead-acid battery for lead extraction with sulfur conservation JOM, 72 …
Lead-acid battery (LAB) has widespread applications in uninterrupted power supplies, electric vehicles, energy storage, traction and starting, lighting and ignition (SLI) batteries [[1], [2], [3]].The significant advantages of …
This paper aims to present an innovative method for the fire refining of lead, which enables the retention of tin contained in lead from recycled lead–acid …
In this study, a low-temperature chlorinating process is proposed for tin recovery from the tin-containing slag by using ammonium chloride as the chlorinating …
Spent lead–acid batteries have become the primary raw material for global lead production. In the current lead refining process, the tin oxidizes to slag, making its recovery ...
A hydrometallurgical recovery route can eliminate the smelting procedure for lead ingot production and the following steps of Ball-milling or Barton liquid lead …
A new innovative process for one-step and cleaner extraction of lead from spent lead-acid battery by reductive sulfur-fixing smelting was presented. This paper summarized and discussed several potential sulfur-fixing agents and molten salts which can be used in this new technique. Thermodynamic analysis involving reaction mechanism, ∆G T and …
Electronic waste (e-waste) has a complex composition and contains numerous pollutants. Noticeable pollutant is lead, which can affect environment and human health, and has been the focus of increasing attention. It is an essential component of electronic products, and inappropriate disposal of e-waste can result in severe lead …
Materials 2023, 16, 5882 5 of 20 compound is also known [33]. The Al-Ni phase diagram (Figure5) shows that aluminium with nickel can form various intermetallic compounds, and some of them, e.g., AlNi and AlNi3, have a melting point above 1000 C [27].The use
This study proposed a cleaner pyrometallurgical lead-acid battery (LAB) recycling method for lead extraction and sulfur conservation without an excessive amount of SO2 generation. A reducing atmosphere was introduced to the lead paste recycling system to selectively reduce PbSO4 to PbS. At the same time, PbO and PbO2 …
Here, OX stands for oxidizing agent and R stands for reducing agent. Numerous leaching reagents have been used in the hydrometallurgical processes of lead. For example, galena is leached using Fe(III) as an oxidizing agent in the H 2 SiF 6 solution. 26 In the acid leaching process for galena, hydrochloric acid is often used as a leaching …
This paper aims to present an innovative method for the fire refining of lead, which enables the retention of tin contained in lead from recycled lead-acid …
This paper aims to present an innovative method for the fire refining of lead, which enables the retention of tin contained in lead from recycled lead–acid …
This paper aims to present an innovative method for the fire refining of lead, which enables the retention of tin contained in lead from recycled lead–acid batteries. The proposed …
The tin & lead alloy, being soldering tin from WEEE recycling process or the byproduct from spiral finned crystallizer and tin-containing lead grid from the lead acid battery are required to remove lead from tin. Lead-Tin distillation furnace is highly recommended for tin ...
Malecha D, Małecki S, Jarosz P, Kowalik R, Żabiński P. Recovery of Pure Lead-Tin Alloy from Recycling Spent Lead-Acid Batteries. Materials. 2023; 16(17
Semantic Scholar extracted view of "Ammonia chloride assisted air-chlorination recovery of tin from pyrometallurgical slag of spent lead-acid battery" by Mingyang Li et al. DOI: 10.1016/J.RESCONREC.2021.105611 Corpus ID: 234821661 Ammonia chloride assisted ...
This paper aims to present an innovative method for the fire refining of lead, which enables the retention of tin contained in lead from recycled lead–acid batteries. The …
Recycling spent lead-acid batteries has always been a research hotspot. Although traditional pyrometallurgical smelting is still the dominant process, it has serious environmental drawbacks, such as the emission of lead dust and SO 2, and high energy consumption., and high energy consumption.
Metalcess provides tin extracting technology from tin ore or secondary tin material e.g. Soldering Tin, bronze, tin slag, tin-plating can ... tin-plating can shell, tin-lead alloy from spent lead acid batteries, Harris slag, etc. With different smelting and processing high ...
ITRI Tin in Lead-Acid Batteries This ITRI report has reviewed use of tin in lead-acid batteries, concluding that current estimated use may grow at around 2.5% to 2025, after which there is a high risk of substitution by lithium-ion and other technologies. Loss of an ...
"Clean Recycling Process for Lead Oxide Preparation from Spent Lead–Acid Battery Pastes Using Tartaric Acid–Sodium Tartrate as a Transforming Agent" by Z. Ouyang, S. Liu, Y. Hu, and L. Ye. "Preparation of Metal Lead from Waste Lead Paste by Direct Electrochemical Reduction in NH 3 –NH 4 Cl Solution" by Y. Fan, Y. Liu, L. Niu, …
As a result, the demand for lead-acid batteries is also growing rapidly, which leads to a lot of spent lead acid batteries annually in China (Fu et al., 2007, Lin and Qiu, 2011, Ma, 2000). Lead in waste lead-acid batteries will do great harm to the environment and human health if not properly disposed of (Chen et al., 2012, Kuijp et al., …
For lead metallurgy,Metalcess supplies high efficient blast furnace for lead paste from lead acid battery, lead oxide/sulfide ore, lead concentrate smelting to produce lead bullion. Lead Bullion Fire-refining and Electrorefining Process
DOI: 10.1016/J.RESCONREC.2021.105611 Corpus ID: 234821661 Ammonia chloride assisted air-chlorination recovery of tin from pyrometallurgical slag of spent lead-acid battery Spent lead–acid batteries have become the primary raw material for global lead ...
Over 80% of all lead produced ends up in lead-acid batteries, with lead metal as the cathode and lead(IV) oxide as the anode. In addition to starter batteries for road vehicles, these are also used for zero emission and hybrid vehicles, back-up power (for example for computers and telephone systems), and energy storage in remote power applications.
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